High Blood Pressure in Children (Hypertension)

High Blood Pressure in Children (Hypertension)

 Children, even very young babies, can have high blood pressure. The American Heart Association recommends that all children age 3 and older have yearly blood pressure measurements.

Early detection of high blood pressure will improve health care of children. High blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke in adulthood.

High blood pressure in children can be caused by other diseases — usually heart or kidney disease. This is called secondary hypertension. If the other disease is successfully treated, blood pressure usually returns to normal. Some medicines can cause high blood pressure, but when they’re discontinued, blood pressure usually returns to normal.

A small number of children have higher blood pressures than others, but researchers don’t know why. These children are said to have primary or essential hypertension.

Children who are overweight usually have higher blood pressure than those who aren’t overweight.

Some children inherit the tendency from one or both parents who have high blood pressure. High blood pressure is more frequent and more severe in families of African Americans than among Caucasians. Researchers don’t fully understand the reasons.

A prescribed special diet and regular physical activity may lower high blood pressure in overweight children. The doctor may also prescribe medication.

What are the classifications of high blood pressure in children?

In childhood, blood pressure normally rises with age.

A child’s sex, age and height are used to determine age-, sex- and height-specific systolic and diastolic blood pressure percentiles. This approach provides information that lets researchers consider different levels of growth in evaluating blood pressure.

It also demonstrates the blood pressure standards that are based on sex, age and height and allows a more precise classification of blood pressure according to body size. More importantly, the approach avoids misclassifying children at the extremes of normal growth.

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High Blood Pressure Other Therapy

High Blood Pressure Other Therapy

 Alternative therapies may be helpful to people trying to control their blood pressure.

    * Acupuncture and biofeedback are well-accepted alternative techniques that may help some people with high blood pressure.

    * Techniques that induce relaxation and reduce stress are recommended. These include meditation, yoga, and relaxation training.

    * These techniques alone may not control high blood pressure for many people. They should not be used as a substitute for medical therapy without first consulting with your health care practitioner.

Dietary supplements and alternative medications and therapies are sometimes recommended for high blood pressure.

    * Examples include vitamins, garlic, fish oil, L-arginine, soy, coenzyme Q10, herbs, phytosterols, and chelation therapy.

    * While these substances may be beneficial, the exact nature of their benefits is not known.

    * Scientific studies have produced no evidence that these therapies lower blood pressure or prevent the complications of high blood pressure.

    * Most of these substances are harmless if taken in moderate doses. Most people can take them without problems.

    * Talk to your health care practitioner if you are considering any of these treatments. Substituting these therapies for medical therapies that have been shown to lower blood pressure and the risk of complications may have a harmful effect on your health.

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